

So, where does something begin and where does it end? In Photoshop, for me, as a user I would have to say that an image both starts and ends with Channels, and the middle would be all about Alpha Channels. Yes, the channels palette in Photoshop is one of the most important tools when it comes to color correcting, well aside from various techniques, effects, and tools. Where would one begin in color correction? The same place one would end, (Alpha) Channels. To the right, you'll see the Channels palette for the images above it. The color changes in the far right image were aided very much so by the use of Alpha Channels.
Channels are incredibly useful things. Every document you create or open in Photoshop guaranteed has three to four channels already made. This number is of course dependent on your color mode; one would notice four channels if they were working in CMYK, and three when working in RGB or LAB. (yes, there are actually a couple of uses for LAB color out there). So, consider those channels to be gifts, in a sense they are! If you have an image and need to make a difficult selection, for example, a selection of hair – take a look into each color channel (this works a heck of a lot better in RGB, it’s not hopeless in CMYK, just not as obvious). Often one of the channels will help you out allowing you to easily isolate something based on it’s color channel.
So that explains channels, sort of. Well, you might now be wondering what about this Alpha channel business you speak of? Well, an alpha channel is an additional channel to the 3-4 already existing. You of course get the chance to name your own, for simplicity I recommend you do. One cannot feel completely aware of what they are doing if they look over to the right (or wherever you house your palettes) and see and endless list of Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Alpha 3, and so on. Just like the layers palette, you really want to keep it organized. What do you do with these alphas? They save and store your selections!
Selections are very important as well when working in Photoshop if you are color correcting, or even just fiddling. Actually, just going to put this out there, most things of regularly use in Photoshop are important. Let’s say you have a perfect path around a bicycle wheel, spokes and all. Now, you want to change the color of tires to hot pink without affecting the spokes at all but your path includes all of them. WHOA. No, no “whoaing” alpha channels can & will help you accomplish this. Take your beautifully constructed path, which you have of course named and saved and select it!
(command+ click on Mac) You have a selection, of course you just want the tires, there are a few things you can do to reach this goal. I would say the easiest by far would be Quick Mask!
Oh Quick Mask, what a good friend! While you have your selection marching-ants away on your screen, hit “Q” on your keyboard. Welcome to Quick Mask my friend! Notice how your channels palette has added Quick Mask and that everything outside of your path has been masked away. Now you can use your Eraser Tool, or your Brush to mask away the areas you don’t want affected by what you’ll do next, which is create a brand new Alpha Channel of your beautiful path without all those spokes you slaved over. So go ahead, depending on what you are masking you may want a hard edge or a soft edge on your Brush/Eraser.
So, you have a Quick Mask you are happy with – great! Now select that Quick Mask (command+click for Mac), head up to Select and click Save Selection, now choose a name for your new Alpha Channel and there you have it, a brand new Alpha just for you.
Now you are free to alter the color of that wheel while maintaining the natural luster of your spokes! Guess what? You can also use this channel in combination with your path to alter the spokes as well, that my friends - will be for another time.
I hope you have enjoyed my long rant/quasi-tutorial on the importance of Channels and creating Alpha Channels, I think you’ll agree that they are most helpful when color correcting.